Use of «the»

Examples

1. Before a noun which has become definite as a result of being mentioned:

I saw a new film on TV yesterday.

The film wasn’t very interesting.

2. Before a noun made definite by the addition of a phase or clause:

the girl in blue; the boy that I met; the place where I met him.

3. When the object or group of objects is unique:

the earth, the sea, the sky, the moon, the sun, the world.

4. Before a noun which by reason of locality can represent only one particular thing:

Ann is in the garden.

(the garden of this house).

Please open the window.

5. Before superlatives and first, second etc. used as adjectives or pronouns, and only:

the first week; the best day; the only way.

6. Before a noun that represents a class of animals or things:

But man, used to represent the human race, has no article.

The cow is a domestic animal.

The pine is an evergreen tree.

If oil supplies run out, man have to fall back on the horse.

7. The + adjective represents a class of people:

the old = old people in general.

the rich = rich people in general.

8. Before certain proper names of oceans, rivers. Seas, gulfs, groups of islands, chains of mountains, plural names of countries, deserts, and before certain other names:

The Atlantic, the Thames, the Alps, the Black Sea, the Crimea, the City, the United States of America, the Sahara, the Persian Gulf

9. Before the adjectives east/west etc. + noun in certain names:

the East/West End, the East/West Indies, the North/South Pole.

10. Before other proper names consisting of adjective + noun or noun + of + noun:

The National Gallery, the Tower of London.

11. Before names of newspapers, ships, orchestras, pop groups etc.

the Times, the Great Britain, the Philadelphia Orchestra, the Beatles.

12. the + plural surname can be used to mean «the … family»:

the Smiths = Mr and Mrs Smith (and children).

13. the + a singular countable noun (type of machine, invention, musical instruments).

The bicycle is an excellent means of transport. When was the telephone invented? The piano is my favourite instrument.